自定义监控上报数据规范
目前上报自定义监控数据通过cloudsat中UploadMonitorData接口进行上报,需遵循自定义监控上报url构造规范和接口数据规范。用户可以通过UploadMonitorData接口上报自定义的数据,然后进行监控数据分析和告警。
UploadMonitorData接口url构造规范
上传数据UploadMonitorData接口说明,接口采用post方法发送请求,请求url需要构造,构造方法如下:
构造url方法:构造前url + “?” + 构造验证请求串
构造前url:
http://cloudsat.qingcloud.com/api/:zone/v1/custom/UploadMonitorData
注:构造完成之后请求url即最终UploadMonitorData接口请求url,url里面:zone,请根据具体分区信息填写,如上海1区sh1,文中其他地方类似。
分区信息参考:北京3区(pek3)、北京3区-A(pek3a)、上海1区(sh1)、广东2区(gd2)、亚太2区-A(ap2a)
构造验证请求串示例:构造验证请求串方法详见下面说明(下方为示例,请自行参照后文构造验证请求串方法进行构造)
access_key_id=CCDJRDKCCKZYTEXANZJD&action=DescribeUsers&signature_method=HmacSHA256&signature_version=1&time_stamp=2020-12-23T13%3A32%3A34Z&version=1&zone=sh1&signature=sOdokWwvYJ80mM%2FxYbBTsgTgQl3iu%2F2WDXWjgKFPNNs%3D
注:这部分请根据实际参数进行构造
由于上面构造前url上传监控数据需要对请求进行验证,这里采用类似青云API 请求中签名 ( signature ) 的生成方法,构造验证请求串,拼接在上面构造前url后面。由于需要去iaas对用户信息进行确认,所以这里选择DescribeUsers这个action去构造签名信息。
最终构造完成之后请求url示例为:
http://cloudsat.qingcloud.com/api/:zone/v1/custom/UploadMonitorData?access_key_id=CCDJRDKCCKZYTEXANZJD&action=DescribeUsers&signature_method=HmacSHA256&signature_version=1&time_stamp=2020-12-23T13%3A32%3A34Z&version=1&zone=sh1&signature=sOdokWwvYJ80mM%2FxYbBTsgTgQl3iu%2F2WDXWjgKFPNNs%3D
下面为在上海1区,完成构建验证请求串之后拼接生成的一个最终api请求url实例,请根据实际分区信息和构造的验证串拼接构造相应的最终api请求url
http://cloudsat.qingcloud.com/api/sh1/v1/custom/UploadMonitorData?access_key_id=CCDJRDKCCKZYTEXANZJD&action=DescribeUsers&signature_method=HmacSHA256&signature_version=1&time_stamp=2020-12-23T13%3A32%3A34Z&version=1&zone=sh1&signature=sOdokWwvYJ80mM%2FxYbBTsgTgQl3iu%2F2WDXWjgKFPNNs%3D
UploadMonitorData接口数据规范
描述:上传监控数据
请求类型:POST
请求url:
http://cloudsat.qingcloud.com/api/:zone/v1/custom/UploadMonitorData?access_key_id=QEJMCFROGCAPHUOAJMRN&action=DescribeUsers&signature_method=HmacSHA256&signature_version=1&time_stamp=2020-10-13T10%3A28%3A33Z&version=1&zone=test&signature=SO9ZufFb69Om21bK%2BH7Gs6f%2FuuDljHh41STgIX%3D
注:请仔细阅读上文说明,根据实际情况构造验证请求串,拼接成最终api请求url并替换:zone信息。
Headers:
参数名称 | 参数值 | 是否必须 | 示例 | 备注 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Content-Type | application/json | 是 | ‘Content-Type’: ‘application/json’ | 不可缺少 |
请求body格式例如:
{
"user_id": "usr-123456",
"namespace": "namespace-1",
"data": [
{
"source": "test",
"user_id": "usr-KJ8DrfQT",
"tags": "role=master,interface=eth10",
"group_id": "group10",
"resource_id": "i-instance-10" ,
"resource_name": "name10",
"resource_type": "instance",
"root_user_id": "usr-KJ8DrfQ",
"meter": "disk_ri'",
"region": "sh1",
"value": 99,
"value_type": "percent",
"time_stamp":"2020-11-03T09:58:44Z"
},{
"source": "test",
"user_id": "usr-KJ8DrfQT",
"tags": "role=master,interface=eth10",
"group_id": "group10" ,
"resource_id": "i-instance-10",
"resource_name": "name10" ,
"resource_type": "instance",
"root_user_id": "usr-KJ8DrfQ",
"meter": "diskio",
"region": "sh1",
"value": 88,
"value_type": "percent",
"time_stamp":"2020-11-03T09:58:44Z"
}
]
}
字段说明
字段 | 类型 | 举例 | 必填 | 说明 |
---|---|---|---|---|
namespace | string | namespace-1 | 是 | 命名空间 |
region | string | sh1 | 是 | region id |
source | string | custom | 是 | 监控数据的来源 |
group_id | string | group_1 | 否 | 监控数据的group,或者分组标记 |
resource_id | string | i-12345678 | 是 | 监控数据关联的资源id |
resource_name | string | roger-test | 否 | 监控数据关联的资源名称 |
resource_type | string | instance | 是 | 资源类型 |
user_id | string | usr-123456 | 是 | 监控资源资源对应用户的id |
root_user_id | string | usr-123456 | 否 | 主账户id |
meter | string | cpu | 是 | 监控指标,请于该命名空间下监控配置中的监控指标名称保持一致 |
value_type | string | raw | 是 | 指标值的类型,例如raw(原格式)percent(百分比) |
value | int | 80 | 是 | 监控的数据,整型的数据 |
time_stamp | string | 2019-12-16T11:14:32Z | 是 | 监控数据时间(UTC) |
tags | string | role=master,cln-node=node-1,interface=eth0 | 否 | 数据的tags,用于归类,都是key,value的形式,用于like查询,理论上存储的key都是按层级往后排,比如资源的下一级是role,role的下一级是节点,节点下有网卡。 |
返回结果
{
"data": {
"upload_count": 2
},
"ret_code": 0
}
结果说明:ret_code为0时表示上传数据成功,data中upload_count表示上传数据条数。
自定义页面监控列表中涉及到一些时间区间内的监控数据计算,最小统计周期为5分钟,因此需连续发送一段时间(不小于5分钟)页面才有数据显示。
数据格式例如:
{
"user_id": "usr-12345678",
"namespace": "ns1",
"data": [
{
"region": "sh1",
"source": "custom",
"user_id": "testuser",
"group_id": "group_1",
"resource_id": "resource_id1",
"resource_name": "resource_name2",
"resource_type": "instance",
"root_user_id": "root_user",
"meter": "cpu",
"value": "100",
"value_type": "raw",
"tags":"role=master,interface=eth0",
"time_stamp": "2019-12-16T11:14:32Z"
},
{
"region": "sh1",
"source": "custom",
"user_id": "testuser",
"group_id": "group_2",
"resource_id": "resource_id1",
"resource_name": "resource_name2",
"resource_type": "instance",
"root_user_id": "root_user",
"meter": "memory",
"value": "90",
"value_type": "raw",
"tags":"role=master,interface=eth0",
"time_stamp": "2019-12-16T11:14:32Z"
}
]
}
构造请求串方法
您需要先在控制台创建 API密钥 ,获得 accesss_key_id 和 secret_access_key,这里我们假设,
access_key_id = 'QYACCESSKEYIDEXAMPLE'
secret_access_key = 'SECRETACCESSKEY'
例如我们的请求参数如下:
{
"zone":"sh1",
"signature_version":1,
"signature_method":"HmacSHA256",
"version":1,
"access_key_id":"QYACCESSKEYIDEXAMPLE",
"action":"DescribeUsers",
"time_stamp":"2013-08-27T14:30:10Z"
}
注解
实际使用过程中请替换成你自己的AccessKeyId,切换相应区间信息。签名验证可以参考青云API 请求中签名 ( signature ),使用链接文档中数据签名结果如果和链接中的一致代表签名方法正确。
签名步骤
(1) 按参数名进行升序排列
排序后的参数为:
{
"access_key_id":"QYACCESSKEYIDEXAMPLE",
"action":"DescribeUsers",
"signature_method":"HmacSHA256",
"signature_version":1,
"time_stamp":"2013-08-27T14:30:10Z",
"version":1,
"zone":"sh1"
}
(2) 对参数名称和参数值进行URL编码
编码后的请求串为:
{
"access_key_id":"QYACCESSKEYIDEXAMPLE",
"action":"DescribeUsers",
"signature_method":"HmacSHA256",
"signature_version":1,
"time_stamp":"2013-08-27T14%3A30%3A10Z",
"version":1,
"zone":"sh1"
}
警告 编码时空格要转换成 “%20” , 而不是 “+”警告
警告
转码部分的字符要用大写,如 ”:” 应转成 “%3A”,而不是 “%3a”
(3) 构造URL请求
参数名和参数值之间用 “=” 号连接,参数和参数之间用 “&” 号连接,构造后的URL请求为
access_key_id=QYACCESSKEYIDEXAMPLE&action=DescribeUsers&signature_method=HmacSHA256&signature_version=1&time_stamp=2013-08-27T14%3A30%3A10Z&version=1&zone=sh1
(4) 构造被签名串
被签名串的构造规则为: 被签名串 = HTTP请求方式 + “\n” + uri + “\n” + url 请求串
警告
“\n” 是换行符,不要将 “\” 转义。也就是说,不要用 “\n” ,有些语言,比如 php 和 ruby ,请用 “\n” , 而不是 ‘\n’
假设 HTTP 请求方法为 GET 请求的uri路径为 “/iaas/” , 则被签名串为
GET\n/iaas/\naccess_key_id=QYACCESSKEYIDEXAMPLE&action=DescribeUsers&signature_method=HmacSHA256&signature_version=1&time_stamp=2013-08-27T14%3A30%3A10Z&version=1&zone=sh1
(5) 计算签名
计算被签名串的签名 signature。
将API密钥的私钥 ( secret_access_key ) 作为key,生成被签名串的 HMAC-SHA256 或者 HMAC-SHA1 签名,更多信息可参见 RFC2104 将签名进行 Base64 编码 将 Base64 编码后的结果进行 URL 编码
警告
当 Base64 编码后存在空格时,不要对空格进行 URL 编码,而要直接将空格转为 “+” 以 Python (版本 2.7) 代码为例 (其他语言类似,需要使用 sha256 + base64 编码,最后需要再进行 URL 编码,URL 编码时需要将原有的空格 ” ” 转为 “+”)
import base64
import hmac
import urllib
from hashlib import sha256
# 前面生成的被签名串
string_to_sign = 'GET\n/iaas/\naccess_key_id=QYACCESSKEYIDEXAMPLE&action=DescribeUsers&signature_method=HmacSHA256&signature_version=1&time_stamp=2013-08-27T14%3A30%3A10Z&version=1&zone=sh1'
h = hmac.new(secret_access_key, digestmod=sha256)
h.update(string_to_sign)
sign = base64.b64encode(h.digest()).strip()
signature = urllib.quote_plus(sign)
(6) 添加签名
将签名参数附在原有请求串的最后面。 最终的HTTP请求串为(为了查看方便,我们人为地将参数之间用回车分隔开)
access_key_id=QYACCESSKEYIDEXAMPLE
&action=DescribeUsers
&signature_method=HmacSHA256
&signature_version=1
&time_stamp=2013-08-27T14%3A30%3A10Z
&version=1
&zone=sh1
&signature=bOQMI8wJ4ikFnadNXc%2BpnVMcUyf83C7b9JO5%2FAvkGyk%3D
完整的请求串为(为了查看方便,我们人为地将参数之间用回车分隔开)
access_key_id=QYACCESSKEYIDEXAMPLE
&action=DescribeUsers
&signature_method=HmacSHA256
&signature_version=1
&time_stamp=2013-08-27T14%3A30%3A10Z
&version=1
&zone=sh1
&signature=bOQMI8wJ4ikFnadNXc%2BpnVMcUyf83C7b9JO5%2FAvkGyk%3D
示例代码
示例代码以golang、python语言为例,其他语言类似
Golang示例
构造验证请求串代码示例
请根据实际数据替换AccessKeyID、SecretAccessKey、Zone等信息
package main
import (
"crypto/hmac"
"crypto/sha256"
"encoding/base64"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"net/url"
"sort"
"strconv"
"strings"
"time"
)
type verifyInfo struct {
httpMothod string
path string
secretAccessKey string
describeUsers *describeUsers
}
type describeUsers struct {
AccessKeyID string `json:"access_key_id"`
Action string `json:"action"`
SignatureMethod string `json:"signature_method"`
SignatureVersion int `json:"signature_version"`
Version int `json:"version"`
Zone string `json:"zone"`
TimeStamp string `json:"time_stamp"`
}
func hmacSha256(data string, secret string) []byte {
h := hmac.New(sha256.New, []byte(secret))
h.Write([]byte(data))
return h.Sum(nil)
}
func formatParams(v interface{}) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
paramMap := make(map[string]interface{})
jsonBuf, err := json.Marshal(v)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
err = json.Unmarshal(jsonBuf, ¶mMap)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return paramMap, nil
}
func sortParams(params map[string]interface{}) string {
var keys []string
for k := range params {
keys = append(keys, k)
}
sort.Strings(keys)
var parts []string
for _, key := range keys {
value := url.QueryEscape(strVal(params[key]))
value = strings.Replace(strings.Replace(value, ":", "%3A", -1), " ", "%20", -1)
parts = append(parts, key+"="+value)
}
return strings.Join(parts, "&")
}
func constructSignature(httpMothod, reqUrl, requestStr, key string) string {
signaturePre := httpMothod + "\n" + reqUrl + "\n" + requestStr
hmacShaStr := hmacSha256(signaturePre, key)
base64Str := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(hmacShaStr)
signature := strings.TrimSpace(base64Str)
signature = strings.Replace(signature, " ", "+", -1)
signature = url.QueryEscape(signature)
return signature
}
func strVal(value interface{}) string {
var key string
if value == nil {
return key
}
switch value.(type) {
case int:
it := value.(int)
key = strconv.Itoa(it)
case string:
key = value.(string)
default:
newValue, _ := json.Marshal(value)
key = string(newValue)
}
return key
}
func (v *verifyInfo) buildVerifyStr() (string, error) {
params, err := formatParams(v.describeUsers)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
sortParams := sortParams(params)
signature := constructSignature(v.httpMothod, v.path, sortParams, v.secretAccessKey)
rsqParams := sortParams + "&signature=" + signature
return rsqParams, nil
}
func main() {
vi := &verifyInfo{
httpMothod: "GET",
path: "/iaas/",
secretAccessKey: "SECRETACCESSKEY",
describeUsers: &describeUsers{
AccessKeyID: "QYACCESSKEYIDEXAMPLE",
Action: "DescribeUsers",
SignatureMethod: "HmacSHA256",
SignatureVersion: 1,
Version: 1,
Zone: "sh1",
TimeStamp: time.Now().Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05Z"),
},
}
result, _ := vi.buildVerifyStr()
fmt.Println(result)
}
代码证result结果即构造的验证请求串,由于验证信息有时效性,如中断数据发送后重新发送时间间隔大于5分钟,请重新构造验证请求串。
验证所构造的验证请求串是否正确
使用自己构造的验证请求串替换下面代码中代码中result,执行下面代码。打印结果为1,验证请求串构造错误;打印结果为0,验证请求串构造正确。
type successRespJson struct {
Message interface{} `json:"message,required"`
RetCode int `json:"ret_code,required"`
}
func Verify(url string) int {
req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", url, nil)
if err != nil {
return 1
}
tr := &http.Transport{
TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{InsecureSkipVerify: true, Renegotiation: tls.RenegotiateOnceAsClient},
}
cli := http.Client{
Transport: tr,
CheckRedirect: nil,
Jar: nil,
Timeout: 0,
}
response, _:= cli.Do(req)
defer response.Body.Close()
body, _:= ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
var vr successRespJson
if response.StatusCode == http.StatusOK {
if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &vr); err != nil {
return 1
}
}
return vr.RetCode
}
func main() {
result := "access_key_id=CCDJRDKCCKZYTEXANZJD&action=DescribeUsers&signature_method=HmacSHA256&signature_version=1&time_stamp=2020-12-23T14%3A03%3A44Z&version=1&zone=sh1&signature=d6eMFDgO3E6wBqbbn2AydX%2BxQws7iD%2BtSgfGF6Lq7Uo%3D"
url := "https://api.qingcloud.com/iaas/" + "?" + result
fmt.Println(Verify(url))
}
上传自定义数据代码示例
上传自定义数据需要预先在cloudsat自定义监控中创建命名空间和监控配置,并根据实际情况替换下面代码中一些数据如UserId、Namespace、Region、Meter等。Meter请与对应命名空间上监控配置中的监控指标保持一致。时间使用UTC时间,所有上传数据字段严格遵守接口数据规范中字段说明规范。
package main
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"math/rand"
"net/http"
"strconv"
"time"
)
type monitorData struct {
UserId string `json:"user_id"`
Namespace string `json:"namespace"`
Data []meters `json:"data"`
}
type meters struct {
Source string `json:"source"`
UserId string `json:"user_id"`
Tags string `json:"tags"`
GroupId string `json:"group_id"`
ResourceId string `json:"resource_id"`
ResourceName string `json:"resource_name"`
ResourceType string `json:"resource_type"`
RootUserId string `json:"root_user_id"`
Meter string `json:"meter"`
Region string `json:"region"`
Value int `json:"value"`
ValueType string `json:"value_type"`
TimeStamp string `json:"time_stamp"`
}
type date struct {
UploadCount int `json:"upload_count"`
}
type ret struct {
Data date `json:"data"`
RetCode int `json:"ret_code"`
}
var client = http.Client{
Timeout: 10 * time.Second,
}
func HttpPostJson(url string, data interface{}, result interface{}) error {
buf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
encoder := json.NewEncoder(buf)
if err := encoder.Encode(data); err != nil {
return err
}
request, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, url, buf)
if err != nil {
return err
}
request.Header.Add("Content-Type", "application/json")
request.Header.Add("Content-Type", "charset=UTF-8")
response, err := client.Do(request)
if err != nil {
return err
}
defer response.Body.Close()
decoder := json.NewDecoder(response.Body)
if err = decoder.Decode(&result); err != nil {
return err
}
fmt.Println(result)
return nil
}
func main() {
for {
timeStamp := time.Now().UTC().Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05Z")
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
flag := strconv.Itoa(rand.Intn(16))
p := monitorData{
UserId: "usr-12345678",
Namespace: "cloudsat-test",
Data: []meters{
{
Source: "dylan-test",
UserId: "usr-12345678",
Tags: "role=master,interface=eth10",
GroupId: "group1",
ResourceId: "i-instance-"+flag ,
ResourceName: "name"+flag,
ResourceType: "instance",
RootUserId: "usr-12345678",
Meter: "cpu",
Region: "sh1",
Value: rand.Intn(100),
ValueType: "percent",
TimeStamp:timeStamp,
},{
Source: "dylan-test",
UserId: "usr-12345678",
Tags: "role=master,interface=eth10",
GroupId: "group1" ,
ResourceId: "i-instance-"+flag ,
ResourceName: "name"+flag,
ResourceType: "instance",
RootUserId: "usr-12345678",
Meter: "memory",
Region: "sh1",
Value: rand.Intn(100),
ValueType: "percent",
TimeStamp:timeStamp,
},
},
}
var r ret
url := `http://cloudsat.qingcloud.com/api/sh1/v1/custom/UploadMonitorData?access_key_id=CCDJRDKCCKZYTEXANZJD&action=DescribeUsers&signature_method=HmacSHA256&signature_version=1&time_stamp=2020-12-23T09%3A52%3A10Z&version=1&zone=sh1&signature=vorfODyQzKD0v4En7y5mdwkvUe4OZGQcDdQU5xBSjio%3D`
err := HttpPostJson(url,p,r)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
}
time.Sleep(time.Duration(1)*time.Second)
}
}
python完整上传自定义数据示例
请根据实际,使用自己的access_key_id、secret_access_key、user_id、namespace、region、meter替换代码中相应变量,这里以上海1区(sh1)为例,实际应用中需要同步更新self.CloudSatUrl中对应的区间信息,详情参见上文。
import hmac
import json
import base64
import datetime
import time
from hashlib import sha256
from collections import OrderedDict
try:
import urllib.parse as urllib
except:
import urllib
import requests
def sort_value(old_dict):
items = sorted(old_dict.items())
new_dict = OrderedDict()
for item in items:
new_dict[item[0]] = old_dict[item[0]]
return new_dict
class UploadMonitorData(object):
def __init__(self, access_key_id, secret_access_key):
self.access_key_id = access_key_id
self.secret_access_key = secret_access_key
nowtime = datetime.datetime.now()
self.signature_time = datetime.datetime.strftime(nowtime, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
self.time_stamp = datetime.datetime.utcnow().strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
self.time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ")
self.url = "https://api.qingcloud.com/iaas/"
self.CloudSatUrl = "http://cloudsat.qingcloud.com/api/sh1/v1/custom/UploadMonitorData"
self.url_path = '/iaas/'
self.methods = 'GET'
def post_request(self, post_url):
headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json; charset=UTF-8"}
body = {
"user_id": "usr-8Ljvov6I",
"namespace": "pt-test",
"data": [
{
"source": "custom",
"user_id": "usr-8Ljvov6I",
"resource_id": "i-ets7af6q",
"resource_type": "instance",
"root_user_id": "usr-8Ljvov6I",
"meter": "cpu",
"region": "sh1",
"value": 99,
"value_type": "percent",
"time_stamp": self.time_stamp
}, {
"source": "custom",
"user_id": "usr-8Ljvov6I",
"resource_id": "i-ets7af6q",
"resource_type": "instance",
"root_user_id": "usr-8Ljvov6I",
"meter": "memory",
"region": "sh1",
"value": 96,
"value_type": "percent",
"time_stamp": self.time_stamp
}
]
}
result = requests.post(url=post_url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(body))
print(result.status_code)
print(result.reason)
print(result.text)
def post_monitor_data(self):
od = OrderedDict()
od['access_key_id'] = self.access_key_id
od['action'] = "DescribeUsers"
od['signature_method'] = "HmacSHA256"
od['signature_version'] = 1
od['time_stamp'] = self.signature_time
od['version'] = 1
od['zone'] = "sh1"
od_sort = sort_value(od)
data = urllib.urlencode(od_sort)
string_to_sign = self.methods + "\n" + self.url_path + "\n" + data
print(string_to_sign)
h = hmac.new(self.secret_access_key.encode(), digestmod=sha256)
h.update(string_to_sign.encode())
sign = base64.b64encode(h.digest()).strip()
signature = urllib.quote_plus(sign)
post_url = self.CloudSatUrl + "?" + data + "&signature=" + signature
self.post_request(post_url)
if __name__ == '__main__':
access_key_id = 'ACCESSKEYID'
secret_access_key = 'SECRETACCESSKEY'
while True:
upload_struct_object = UploadMonitorData(access_key_id, secret_access_key)
upload_struct_object.post_monitor_data()
time.sleep(3)